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3 \u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u6cbb\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n

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3.1\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6cbb\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u5316\u5b66\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6c89\u6dc0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5bf9\u5e9f\u6c34\u8fdb\u884c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u6210\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u548c\u63a2\u7a76\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u5e9f\u6c34\u7ec4\u6210\u6210\u5206\u7ed3\u5408\u4ea7\u751f\u6c89\u6dc0\u7684\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u6c89\u6dc0\uff0c\u5c06\u5e9f\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6709\u5bb3\u7269\u8d28\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u9664\u3002\u6c89\u6dc0\u7269\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u8be5\u7269\u8d28\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u6c89\u6dc0\u7269\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u7ed3\u5408\u65f6\u6709\u4e14\u53ea\u80fd\u548c\u5e9f\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u7269\u8d28\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed3\u5408\u5e76\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u6392\u653e\u5904\u7406\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u6c89\u6dc0\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u969c\u6c89\u6dc0\u7269\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6392\u653e\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u4ea7\u751f\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4e8c\u6b21\u6c61\u67d3\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5316\u5b66\u624b\u6bb5\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6c89\u6dc0\u7269\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7269\u8d28\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6c61\u6ce5\u5904\u7406\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f62\u6210\u56fa\u4f53\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5c06\u5176\u6392\u653e\u51fa\u53bb\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u548c\u6c27\u5316\u5242\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u5e9f\u6c34\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e9f\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u5e9f\u6c34\u51c0\u5316\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e9f\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u6392\u653e\u3002\u5bf9\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5c06\u6c27\u5316\u5242\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u5e9f\u6c34\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u6cd5\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5e9f\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u590d\u6742\u57fa\u56e0\u56e2\u8fdb\u884c\u7834\u574f\u548c\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u5c06\u5371\u5bb3\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u6c27\u5316\u5206\u89e3\u6392\u653e\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u8fbe\u5230\u5faa\u73af\u5229\u7528\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u5904\u7406\u6cd5\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u6cd5\u5177\u6709\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\u3001\u6548\u679c\u597d\u3001\u6613\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u5f97\u5230\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u597d\u611f\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76[3]\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3.2\u7269\u7406\u6cbb\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u7269\u7406\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u5176\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e9f\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7269\u7406\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7269\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c06\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u548c\u5e9f\u6c34\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u5e9f\u6c34\u51c0\u5316\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u6307\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u5e9f\u6c34\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5c06\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u548c\u6c34\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u7269\u7406\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5438\u9644\u3001\u6eb6\u5242\u8403\u53d6\u3001\u6405\u62cc\u6c89\u6dc0\u3001\u9759\u6b62\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

4 \u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u5438\u9644\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f71\u54cd\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5438\u9644\u7684\u56e0\u7d20<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

4.1\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5206\u7c7b<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u79cd\u7c7b\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f\u7c89\u672b\u72b6\u7684\u548c\u9897\u7c92\u72b6\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u3002\u7c89\u672b\u72b6\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u8f83\u5c0f\u3001\u9762\u79ef\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u548c\u5e9f\u6c34\u8fdb\u884c\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5168\u9762\u5438\u9644\u3002\u7c89\u672b\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5177\u6709\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\u3001\u5236\u4f5c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u56de\u6536\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9897\u7c92\u72b6\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5b58\u5728\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\u3001\u5236\u4f5c\u9ebb\u70e6\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9897\u7c92\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u6536\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7528\u9897\u7c92\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5904\u7406\u5e9f\u6c34\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

4.2\u5f71\u54cd\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5438\u9644\u7684\u56e0\u7d20<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u5e9f\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5bf9\u5e9f\u6c34\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u5438\u9644\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u6548\u7387\u6765\u6709\u6548\u5730\u51b3\u5b9a\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u5438\u9644\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5bf9\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u5438\u9644\u91cf\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u51b3\u5b9a\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5438\u9644\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4f53\u79ef\u5c0f\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7f1d\u9699\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u5176\u7a7a\u9699\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5438\u9644\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d8\u5927\u3002\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u9178\u78b1\u503c\u548c\u6c34\u6e29\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u5438\u9644\u5e26\u6765\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684ph\u503c\u5c0f\u4e8e7\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e9f\u6c34\u5448\u9178\u6027\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5728\u9178\u6027\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u4f1a\u66f4\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u5438\u9644\u6742\u7269\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u51c0\u5316\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6e29\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u7269\u7406\u53cd\u5e94\u4e3a\u70ed\uff0c\u6e29\u5ea6\u8d8a\u4f4e\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u7ec6\u5ea6\u6548\u679c\u66f4\u6709\u5229\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e9f\u6c34\u51c0\u5316\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

5 \u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5728\u6c61\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u61c9\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

6 \u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5904\u7406\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8fdc\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

7 \u7ed3\u8bed<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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  1 \u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u6982\u8ff0   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  3 \u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u6cbb\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5   3.1\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6cbb\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5   \u901a\u8fc7\u5316\u5b66\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6c89\u6dc0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5bf9\u5e9f\u6c34\u8fdb\u884c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u6210\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u548c\u63a2\u7a76\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u5e9f\u6c34\u7ec4\u6210\u6210\u5206\u7ed3\u5408\u4ea7\u751f\u6c89\u6dc0\u7684\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u6c89\u6dc0\uff0c\u5c06\u5e9f\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6709\u5bb3\u7269\u8d28\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u9664\u3002\u6c89\u6dc0\u7269\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u8be5\u7269\u8d28\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u6c89\u6dc0\u7269\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u7ed3\u5408\u65f6\u6709\u4e14\u53ea\u80fd\u548c\u5e9f\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u7269\u8d28\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed3\u5408\u5e76\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u6392\u653e\u5904\u7406\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u6c89\u6dc0\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u969c\u6c89\u6dc0\u7269\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6392\u653e\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u4ea7\u751f\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4e8c\u6b21\u6c61\u67d3\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5316\u5b66\u624b\u6bb5\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6c89\u6dc0\u7269\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7269\u8d28\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6c61\u6ce5\u5904\u7406\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f62\u6210\u56fa\u4f53\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5c06\u5176\u6392\u653e\u51fa\u53bb\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u548c\u6c27\u5316\u5242\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u5e9f\u6c34\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e9f\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u5e9f\u6c34\u51c0\u5316\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e9f\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u6392\u653e\u3002\u5bf9\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5c06\u6c27\u5316\u5242\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u5e9f\u6c34\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u6cd5\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5e9f\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u590d\u6742\u57fa\u56e0\u56e2\u8fdb\u884c\u7834\u574f\u548c\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u5c06\u5371\u5bb3\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u6c27\u5316\u5206\u89e3\u6392\u653e\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u8fbe\u5230\u5faa\u73af\u5229\u7528\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u5904\u7406\u6cd5\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u50ac\u5316\u6c27\u5316\u6cd5\u5177\u6709\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\u3001\u6548\u679c\u597d\u3001\u6613\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u5f97\u5230\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u597d\u611f\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76[3]\u3002   3.2\u7269\u7406\u6cbb\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5   \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u7269\u7406\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u5176\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e9f\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7269\u7406\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7269\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c06\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u548c\u5e9f\u6c34\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u5e9f\u6c34\u51c0\u5316\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u6307\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u5e9f\u6c34\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5c06\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u548c\u6c34\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u7269\u7406\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5438\u9644\u3001\u6eb6\u5242\u8403\u53d6\u3001\u6405\u62cc\u6c89\u6dc0\u3001\u9759\u6b62\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7b49\u3002   4 \u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u5438\u9644\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f71\u54cd\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5438\u9644\u7684\u56e0\u7d20   4.1\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5206\u7c7b   \u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u79cd\u7c7b\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f\u7c89\u672b\u72b6\u7684\u548c\u9897\u7c92\u72b6\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u3002\u7c89\u672b\u72b6\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u8f83\u5c0f\u3001\u9762\u79ef\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u548c\u5e9f\u6c34\u8fdb\u884c\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5168\u9762\u5438\u9644\u3002\u7c89\u672b\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5177\u6709\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\u3001\u5236\u4f5c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u56de\u6536\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9897\u7c92\u72b6\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5b58\u5728\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\u3001\u5236\u4f5c\u9ebb\u70e6\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9897\u7c92\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u6536\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7528\u9897\u7c92\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5904\u7406\u5e9f\u6c34\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u3002   4.2\u5f71\u54cd\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5438\u9644\u7684\u56e0\u7d20   \u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u5e9f\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5bf9\u5e9f\u6c34\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u5438\u9644\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u6548\u7387\u6765\u6709\u6548\u5730\u51b3\u5b9a\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u5438\u9644\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5bf9\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u5438\u9644\u91cf\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u51b3\u5b9a\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5438\u9644\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4f53\u79ef\u5c0f\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7f1d\u9699\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u5176\u7a7a\u9699\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5438\u9644\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d8\u5927\u3002\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u9178\u78b1\u503c\u548c\u6c34\u6e29\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u5438\u9644\u5e26\u6765\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684ph\u503c\u5c0f\u4e8e7\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e9f\u6c34\u5448\u9178\u6027\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5728\u9178\u6027\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u4f1a\u66f4\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u5438\u9644\u6742\u7269\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u51c0\u5316\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6e29\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u7269\u7406\u53cd\u5e94\u4e3a\u70ed\uff0c\u6e29\u5ea6\u8d8a\u4f4e\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u7ec6\u5ea6\u6548\u679c\u66f4\u6709\u5229\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e9f\u6c34\u51c0\u5316\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002   5 \u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5728\u6c61\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u61c9\u7528   \u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u5904\u7406\u9700\u8981\u7efc\u5408\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e0b\u6210\u672c\u548c\u5904\u7406\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u627f\u53d7\u80fd\u529b\u5185\u3002\u5de5\u4e1a\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u8fdb\u884c\u6742\u7269\u5438\u9644\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5438\u9644\u6392\u9664\u6389\u7684\u5fae\u91cf\u6742\u8d28\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u5e9f\u6c34\u51c0\u5316\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5c06\u6742\u7269\u6392\u653e\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5728\u5e9f\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u8ba1\u7b97\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5904\u7406\u542b\u94ec\u5e9f\u6c34\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u94ec\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4ee5\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u91d1\u5c5e\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u94ec\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u4ef7\u4e3a\u6b636\u4ef7\uff0c\u5176\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u9178\u78b1\u503c\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e5f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u5e9f\u6c34\u51c0\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u5438\u9644\u6027\u6765\u5145\u5206\u5730\u5438\u6536\u5e9f\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u94ec\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u51c0\u5316\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5c06\u94ec\u79bb\u5b50\u6392\u653e\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u7136\u540e\u501f\u7528\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u94ec\u79bb\u5b50\u8fdb\u884c\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u5e9f\u6c34\u51c0\u5316\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u5229\u7528\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u6765\u5904\u7406\u542b\u6c30\u7684\u5e9f\u6c34\u3002\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u6392\u653e\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u542b\u6c30\u7684\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5bf9\u6c30\u5316\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u5438\u9644\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u542b\u6c30\u91cf\u3002\u968f\u7740\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5bf9\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u89c6\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5728\u5e9f\u6c34\u51c0\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u5e9f\u6c34\u4f9d\u65e7\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6c30\u5316\u7269\u548c\u6c30\u6839\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6210\u672c\u76f8\u5bf9\u52a0\u9ad8\u3002   6 \u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5904\u7406\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8fdc\u666f   \u968f\u7740\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6280\u672f\u9010\u6e10\u88ab\u5404\u884c\u4e1a\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u5904\u7406\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u8868\u9762\u7ed3\u6784\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u7684\u6d3b\u8dc3\u6027\uff0c\u6765\u6709\u6548\u6539\u5584\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u5438\u9644\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e9f\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u51c0\u5316\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\u6700\u8fd1\u53c8\u7814\u7a76\u51fa\u4e86\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u662f\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u8010\u6e29\u6027\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9ad8\u6e29\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u65b0\u578b\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u5176\u4f18\u70b9\u6709\uff1a\u5438\u9644\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\u3001\u80fd\u529b\u5f3a\u3001\u53ef\u518d\u751f\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\u7b49\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5bf9\u6c61\u6c34\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e9f\u6c34\u51c0\u5316\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6539\u5584\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5bf9\u5e9f\u6c34\u7684\u5438\u9644\u6548\u679c\u3002\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u6539\u6027\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53bb\u9664\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u6539\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u8868\u9762\u916f\u57fa\u548c\u7fa7\u57fa\u7b49\u542b\u6c27\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u7684\u542b\u91cf\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u7684\u758f\u6c34\u6027\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u5bf9\u6709\u673a\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u7684\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e9f\u6c34\u51c0\u5316\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u5176\u5faa\u73af\u5229\u7528\u3002   7 \u7ed3\u8bed   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  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